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student athlete
A student athlete (sometimes written student–athlete) is a participant in an organized competitive sport sponsored by the educational institution in which he or she is enrolled. Student athletes must typically balance the roles of being a full-time student and a full-time athlete.〔Gerdy R. John. "Sports in School The Future of an Institution". Teachers College Press,2000.〕 Due to educational institutions being colleges, they offer athletic scholarships in various sports.〔(FinAid )〕 Many student athletes are compensated with scholarships to attend these institutions but these scholarships are not mandatory to be considered a student athlete. In the United States, athletic scholarships are largely regulated by either the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) or the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), which sets minimum standards for both the individuals awarded the scholarships (in terms of GPAs and standardized test scores) and for the institutions granting them (in terms of the form and value of the scholarships and the proportion of recipients who must ultimately earn degrees). The term ''student-athlete'' was coined in 1964 by Walter Byers, the first-ever executive director of the NCAA, to counter attempts to require universities to pay workers' compensation.
When making the ultimate decision of choosing his or her college they may sign The National Letter of Intent. The NLI is an agreement between the athlete and their school they have chosen to certify that they are entering a four-year institution for the first time. In order to sign the school has to have offered financial aid and the student has met the institution's admission requirements.〔Kirk, Sarah V., and Wyatt D. Kirk. Student Athletes: Shattering the myths & sharing the Realities. Alexandria: the American Counseling Association, 1993.〕 It is a belief that student athletes comprise one of the most diverse groups of people on our college campuses today, particularly with regard to factors such as personal history, academic preparedness, life goals and expectations, physical and psychological skills, and developmental readiness.〔Etzel, Edward F., and James W. Pinkney. Counseling College Student Athletes: Issue and Interventions. Fitness Technology, 2002〕 Student athletes are likely to come into contact with important and influential alumni who can help them during their college years and - most importantly- after college.〔Bromwell, Perry and Gensler, Howard. The Student Athlete Handbook: The Complete Guide for Success, 1997.〕
==Description==
Student athletes typically receive athletic scholarships from a college or university, though they may also be attending secondary school. An athletic scholarship is a form of scholarship to attend a college or university awarded to an individual based predominantly on his or her ability to play in a sport. Athletic scholarships are common in the United States, but in many countries they are rare or non-existent. Athletes are subject to eligibility rules that may require them to maintain a certain grade point average〔(Controversial Student-Athlete Rules Changed )〕 and may bar them from participating in professional competition. Aside from scholarships, many are also prohibited from receiving special treatment or incentives based on their athletic abilities .〔(Richards High School right to reject Dwyane Wade rendezvous )〕 However, institutions may give student athletes additional assistance in academic support areas such as tutoring and library services.〔Lorenzen, M., & Lucas, N. (2002). Introducing first-year student-athletes to the library: The Michigan State University experience. In J. Nims and A. Andrew (Eds.), ''First impressions, lasting impact: Introducing the first-year student to the academic library'' (pp. 95-100). Ann Arbor, MI: Pierian Press.〕
Many coaches hear from hundreds or even thousands of students each year who are looking for athletic scholarships and/or an opportunity to compete in intercollegiate athletics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How to Get an Athletic Scholarship )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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